I don’t think there is a clear line that can be drawn relating to undue undue inducement. Even where IRBs have standard and appropriate amounts of reimbursements, what could be considered ordinarily reasonable compensation for one group of participants can be seen as ‘undue influence to participate’ for very poor and vulnerable participants within the same study. This form of inducement may also occur in high-risk clinical trials that offer drugs or health care that is not available in public health care settings.